Art of ply paper or board manufacture



Oct. 22, 1935.

Filed Oct. 24, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 22, 1935.- J. w. SALE2,018,382

ART OF PLY PAPER OR BOARD MANUFACTURE Filed Oct. 24, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet2 0a. 22, 1935. I J, w SALE 2,018,382

I ART OF FLY PAPER OR BOARD MANUFACTURE Filed Oct. 24, 1954 5Sheets-Sheet s Patented Oct. 22 1935 ART OF PLY PAPER OR BOARDMANUFACTURE John W. Sale, Hopewell, Va., assignmto Hummel- -Ross FibreCorporation, Hopewell,- Va., a corporation of Virginia ApplicationOctober 2 4, 1934, Serial No. 149,839

8 Claims. (01. 92-44) REISSUED m A general object of the presentinvention is to the ultimate P duct wh ch are desired when the 10 renderit possibie' to manufacture the afore-- finished product is to be din'corru ating or mentioned type of paper or the like on a Fourpastingmachines, t e lower or base sheet in the drinier type of machine,therebybeing able to Present P having less S permitting of greatly increasespeed of manufacture with a requicker ng of Silicate adhesive.

suiting increase in production. In practicing my Another p cific Objectofrthe invention is to 15 method I form the usual web of sheet of paperprovide a emls S eet of known fiber conor board in the regular manner ona Fourdrinier tent having a more v surface than Was D ife belt anduperpose on this regular web Qr sible Of attainment heretofore, with theresult Sheet angther Sheet made from t same that there can be asubstantial reduction in the terials and of th same color, or fromdjfiepent amount of surface or sizing materials over that 20 materialsand of different colors, in such manrequired in standard P ac ce for theattainment ner as to, first, improve the formation and texture of a highfinish h the elimination of hills and of the sheet and give it greatertensile strength Valleysboth with and across the grain; secondly, topro- A further specific ject O the invention is to vide a more uniformionnation, improve the Mulprovide on aFourdrimer im of m hine, a homolentest and the finish or surface characteristics geneeus sheet of certainknown fiber content and produce a much more uniform and highly withVarying amounts of steek y atio t us polished surface without the aid ofstarch, wax, Obtaining r better yin q alities than are or otheringredients used as a surface coating on regularly obtained on & uld emachine, the

some types of board; and thirdly, to obtain greatadvantageous resultbeing p c y oticeable 30 or bulking, th resulting in 1ower weight perwhere the bottom stock or the base sheet is of a unit area for a giventhickness of paper or board. greater degree of freeness than the liner.ck

My invention further eliminates certain disadsupplemental sheet whichpermits ter drivvantages which heretofore have been inherent in mg, tothe end that the Production is reatly 3d t Fourdrimer type of machine,in t t first my increased Still another specific object of theininvention enables the paper maker to control the Vehtion is Produce ahomogeneous heet of sizing or absorbency on one or both sides of theknown fiber t,w chinthe finished P t sheet especially for use by themanufacturer of will have surfaces susceptible of readily e e corrugatedor solidfiber shipping cases, as it eningeolol'ing mate iel. s

40 ables the box maker to get quicker and more uni- These and other ctsa d advantages will 40 form adhesion in pasting the board; secondly, theapparent from the following detailed pelimination of danger ofsplitting, blowing or 171011- I checking frequently found in board madeon cyl- Clea? conceptlon of the Steps constituting the inder machines,as more fully hereinafter .Set present.1mprveq method and of theimproved forth v mechanisig forming part of the present invention Aspecific object of the invention is to provide and i W h the methodcommercially n a Fourdrinier type of machine, a homogeneous FXDImted mayhad by referring to the draw" sheet of certain or known fiber contentwith a g g i part of this maximum amount of dilution, thus obtaining far:2 1 fif refegsnsge glans-tars 50 better sheet finish than is regularlyobtained on s e e S e or 5 ar pa m a ylinder machine, the advantageousresult be- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view. mg peciallynoticeable where ,the bottom stock of the main parts of th forming endof a Four; is of a greater degree of freeness than the liner drinjer hiof 11 known typestock which allows the use of increased volu Thisinvention relates to improvements in the art of ply paper or boardmanufacture. Y

' In the manufacture of paper board, liners, and various grades ofbuilt-upvat-lined combination ply board, it has heretofore beennecessary to use a single cylinder 01' multi-cylinder rotary machine.This type of machine has a number of serious disadvantages which arewell known to those skilled in this art.

or water in the formation, to the end that the formation is greatlyaided;

A further specific object of the invention is to lay down a homogeneoussheet of known fiber content with varying amounts of sizing mate-tvrials in each face, thereby eliminating a substantial amount of sizingmaterial on the bottom face, resulting in a considerable saving insizing ma- V terial cost, and also increasing the qualities-of F gs, 2,-3 and 4 are respectively vertical sec- Fig. 5 is a vertical transversesectional view of the preferred form of headbox, such as shown in Fig.1; v 7

Figs. 6 and 7 are detailed views of adjusting devices hereinafterdescribed;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the rear, delivery side of thesupplemental head-box;

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views of the shaker mechanism for thesupplemental head-box; and

Fig. 11 is a detail view showing the manner in which the deposit platemay be flexed transversely for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

Referring to the drawings annexed by reference characters, l0 designatesthe usual main head-box of a Fourdrinier, which head-box is providedwith the usual devices for delivering" to the wire belt H the usualhighly diluted water laid sheet, the usual table rolls l2 being employedto support the wire upon its rearward movement through the machine.

At any suitable point along the length of the rearwardly moving wire, Imount a supplemental head-box designated generally by the numeral I3,this head-box being suspended at a. desirable point above the wire bymeans of vertical hanger bolts l4, two being used at each end of theheadbox, and their upper ends being adjustably connected to a frameconsisting mainly of a pairof I-beams I5. In this manner of supportingthe head-box, it will be noted that it may be readily;

adjusted vertically and in addition may be more or less tilted towardoneside or the other, aswell as tilted fore and aft of the machine. Thisuniversal suspension of the supplemental head-box may be obtained in anysuitable manner. I illustrate a simple way, namely, by threadinghandoperable nuts l6 on the upper ends of the hanger bolts I l.

' The stock is supplied to the superposed or supplemental head-box bymeans of valved vertical pipes l1 which have a common connection to asupply pipe I8, the lower ends of these vertical pipes I I beingarranged to loosely telescope into upturned elbows I9 .whose lower endsempty into the chest I 3 through the front wall thereof. By thusconnecting the stock supply conduits with the supplemental chest, itwill be seen that the chest will have a wide range of adjustment up anddown and a sufflcient range of transverse, as well as longitudinal,tilting to permit of all the adjustments desirable in properlydepositing the supplemental top or liner sheet upon the base sheet.

The interior of the chest I3 is. provided with suitable baffles 20 whichextend from one end wall of the chest to the other end wall at pointsbetween the closed front wall of the chest and the open back wallthereof. One of these back walls depends from the top of the chest to a.point near the bottom thereof, and the other two rise from the bottomof. the chest, one of these latter baffles being arranged at the reardelivery side of the chest in such a position that the outgoing stockflows over its top edge. These baiiles within the chest serve to notonly assist in mixing the fibers with the water that carries them, butalso destroy tendency to turbulency in the chest, and thus insure asmooth, quiet delivery of the stock outwardly over the top edge of therearmost one of the baiiies.

Projecting rearwardly from the rear, delivery side of the chest I 3 is adeposit plate 2|, whose forward edge is rigidly attached to the chest,and

whose rear, delivery edge is free. This deposit plate 2| extends fromone end to the other of the chest and is horizontally arranged so thatthe highly diluted stock may fiow quietly off its rear, delivery edgeonto the base sheet on the wire.

To regulate the depth or'thickness of the out-. 5 flowing stream, Iprovide a vertically adjustable sluice or gate 22, mounted to slidevertically on the rearwardly extended end walls of the chest, thisvertical adjustment being accomplished by screws 23 and hand-nuts orwheels 24. This gate 22, together with the plate 2| and the adjacentbafile 20, forms a pool at the rear delivery end of the chest to thusfurther insure against agitation of the liquid stock, the quiet flow ofthe hydrated stock onto the base sheet being highly desirable 15 inorder to avoid rippling of the upper surface of the composite sheet. Tostill further quiet the liquid stock in the pool, I arrange therein adepending bafiie 25. This is adjustably supported by screws 26 andhand-nuts 21 on the aforesaid rear- 20 wardly extended walls of thechest. In the construction above described, it will be seen that nomatter how highly diluted the stock in the supplemental chest may be, Imay deliver it in a quiet, even flow onto the base sheet. This isimportant 3 for the reason that in carrying out my method, it is highlydesirable that the stock for producing the liner or top layer shall behighly diluted, and that the delivery of this highly diluted stock shallbe made in such a manner as not to disturb the 30 watery condition ofthe'upper surface of the base sheet.

I have discovered that by making the deposit plate- 2| of thin, elasticmetal, I may utilize this plate for insuring a uniform, even thicknessof 35 the finished paper or board. I have found that by providing meansfor flexing the delivery edge of the plate at a plurality of pointsacross the machine, I may deliver varying quantities of the stock atpoints wherever needed across the base 40 sheet, and thus correct anyflaws in the finished sheet. In practice, by calipering the finishedsheet in the usual manner, I ascertain at what points across the sheetmore or less stock is needed and then make the flexing adjustments ofthe plate accordingly. In the present instance, the means for flexingthe sheets at sep-' arated points consists of vertical rods 28 attachedrigidly at their lower ends to the plate 21, and having their upper endsthreaded and provided 50 with hand-operable nut wheels 29. Each one ofthese adjustment devices is operable independently of the others, so theplate may be more or less flexed at different points along its length.The sluice or gate 22 is desirably, made in two 55 sections which mayoverlap each other midway the width of the machine, as shown in Fig. 8,to thus enable this sluice orgate to be properly adjusted on the sidewalls of the chest. It is desirable, when'this overlapped sluice isused,

to provide the overlapped ends with adjusting devices 30 to insureproper alignment of the sections.

All Fourdrinier machines are provided with means for edgewisely shakingthe wire after it leaves the breast-roll at the forming end of themachine to thus insure interlockingof the fibers in the sheet. I mayarrange to lay the supplemental sheet upon the basesheet withoutlaterally shaking the supplemental chest, in which case the fibers ofthe supplemental sheet lie approximately parallel with each other whenthey are bonded to the base sheet, and thus give to the finishedcomposite sheet the highest possible degree of stiifness. On the otherhand, I may be laterally shaken during the delivery operation to thuslaterally agitate the fibers of the supplemental sheet and criss-cross,them with respect to the fibers of the base sheet. and thus not onlyincrease the homogeneous structure of the finished sheet but also giveto it a flexibilty that is desirable in many cases. To thus provide forshaking the supplemental box endwisely, I mount its supporting frame Iupon a pair'of upstand ing,supporting pivotal links 3| and connect onehomogeneous and not subject to peeling or separation under flexure. Thiscomplete bonding of superposed sheets has never heretofore beenaccompished even in the cylinder machines now in general use in themanufacture of this type of board. I accomplish this veryimportant'result by providing means for setting the fibers in theunderside of the base sheet and leaving the upper face of the base sheetin a sufficiently watery condition to insure its fibers intimatelyinterlocking with the fibers of the supplemental sheet when it is landdown onto the watery face of the under sheet. In the presentillustration of my apparatus, I show three suctionboxes 34, 35, 36 foraccomplishing this purpose, these suction boxes being arranged underthewire' and being constructed in the usual manner and subjected to thevacuum suction in the usual way, not shown. Any one or all of thesesuction boxes, or even additional suction boxes, may be used forpreliminarily setting the under side of the sheet. The amount of suctionthe sheet is subjected to depends on the nature of the board or paperbeing produced, as is obvious, it being important only that a sufiicientquantity of water in the base sheet shall be quickly extracted to setthe fibers in the underside of the sheet and leavethe upper side of thesheet in as watery condition as possible to thus enable the water on theupper surface of the sheet to commingle with the water coming down withthe supplemental sheet. It will be noted that one of these suctionboxes, namely 36, is located directly underneath the delivery edge ofthe deposit plate 2|; this is desirable in order that the compositesheet shall Any number of the usual dandy-rolls 38 may of course be usedfor smoothing the upper surface both of the base sheet and the compositesheet.

In some cases, it may be desirable to fasten a flexible apron or sheetonthe deposite plate and have it extend beyond the delivery edge thereofin order to still further prevent undesirable turbulency at that point.It-will be understood also that one or more additional supplementalchests may be employed if it be desired to produce a board having morethan two plies. And 5 it will be noted also that in my process the pliesmay be made of the same furnish or of different characters; forinstance, for carton and box board it will be desirable to have a basesheet of a more porous nature so as to give it a. better pastingsurface, while the top layer may be made of such fibers that it willtake a hard, smooth polish in the calenders. Also, in my process it isa'simple matter to color either one or both the plies.

, It is to be understood that where I refer to the under side of thesheet being set, I, mean that the fibers have assumed their finalposition with reference to each other, and that where I refer to the topside of the base sheet as being in a watery condition at the point wherethe supplemental sheet is laid down thereon, I mean that the fibers inthe top side of the sheet have not yet assumed their final position butare still in a floating condition in the water.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, I show an elevated chest '39 whichmay be employed for delivering the dehydrated stock to the chest l3 bymeans of a downwardly inclined board or trough 40.

In Fig. 3, I 'show the supply chest 39. directly connected with thesupplemental chest l3 and arranged under it, one of the dandy-rolls 33.In Fig. 4, I show the elevated supplychest 39 projecting rearwardly soas to overhang the supplemental chest l3 and thus provide for a directdownward delivery of the stock into the chest I3. All these changes maybe resorted to, and many others, without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

I claim:

1. In the art of making ply paper or ply board or products of a similarnature on a traveling endless wire, continuously laying down a basesheet on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire,partially dehydrating said base sheet as it travels, continuouslydelivering on the top side of said base sheet a highly diluted stream ofpaper stock at a point where the base sheet has become partiallydehydrated,then 0 applying suction to the underside of the wire adjacentthe point where the diluted top stream of stock is delivered to the basesheet, to first mix together adjacent portions of the stock of the topstream and the stock of the base sheet and then quickly dehydrate thecomposite sheet and draw down the fibers of the under part of the topstream into interlocking mixed relation with I the fibers of the upperportion of the base sheet to thus form a single homogeneous sheet, thenfurther dehydrating the composite bonded sheet thus formed, and finallyfinishing the composite sheet in'a suitable manner.

2. In combination with a paper making machine of the Fourdrinier type, asupplemental stock chest mounted above the wire belt having means fordelivering, a supplemental layer of stock upon the base sheet upon thewire and means whereby said supplemental stock chest may be verticallyadjusted with respect to the wire.

3. The structure recited in claim 2, said adjusting means embodyingdevices whereby the supplemental stock chest' may be tilted transverselyof the machine. I V

4. The structure recited in claim 2, said adjusting means embodyingdevices whereby the supplemental stock chest may be tilted fore and aftof the machine.

5. In combination with a paper making machine of the Fourdrinier type, asupplemental stock chest mounted above the wire belt'having means fordelivering a supplemental layer of stock upon the base sheet upon thewire and means whereby said supplemental stock chest may be verticallyadjusted with respect to the wire, a stock supply-pipe having aplurality or depending valved'branches, a corresponding plurality ofupstanding inlet-pipes carried by the supplemental-chest, the adjacentends of the two sets of pipeshaving free telescoping connections wherebythe supplemental chest may be raised and lowered and tilted withoutdisconnection from said valved branches of the delivery pipes.

6. In combination with a paper making machine of the" Fourdrinier type,a supplemental stock chest supported above the wire and having means fordelivering a supplemental sheet ofbodying; a vertically adjustable gateabove said delivery edge and a vertically adjustable baflle arrangedbetween said gate and the outlet of the supplemental chest.

7. In combination with.v a paper making machine of the Fourdrlniertype,a supplemental stock chest supported above the wire and havin means fordelivering asupplemental sheet of stock upon the base sheet on the wire,said means 5 embodying a substantially horizontal deposit plateprojecting from thesupplemental stock chest in the direction of movementof the base sheet and having a delivery edge, means for forming a poolupon said deposit plate, and an upright plate at the delivery edge ofsaid deposit plate for regulating the flow. between said feed edge andthe lower edge of said upright plate on to the base sheet, said depositplate being flexible transversely at its delivery edge and means beingprovided for flexing said delivery edge -at separated points across themachine.

8. In combination with a paper making machine of the Fourdrinier 'type,a supplemental stock chest supported above the wire and having 10 meansfor delivering a supplemental sheet of stock upon the base sheet on thewire, said means embodying a substantially horizontal deposit plateprojecting from the supplemental stock chest in the direction ofmovement of the base sheet and having a delivery edge, means for forminga pool upon said deposit plate, and an upright plate at the deliveryedge of said deposit plate for regulating the flow between said feededge and the lower edge of said upright plate on to the base sheet,means being provided for transversely shaking the supplemental boxduring the delivery of the supplemental sheet of stock JOHN w. SALE.

